OSTON, May 16 -- A simple test of insulin secretion may predict which obese patients would be better off with a low-glycemic load diet than a low-fat one, researchers here found.
Young, obese patients with high insulin levels on a glucose tolerance test had significantly more weight loss and body fat reduction with a low-glycemic load diet than a low-fat diet, said David S. Ludwig, M.D., Ph.D., of Children's Hospital, Boston, and colleagues.
In a randomized trial, participants with lower insulin secretion had similar results with both diets, they reported in the May 16 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
The results may help explain inconsistent findings in other diet studies, the investigators suggested. Differences in individuals' insulin responsiveness to glucose may account for variations in efficacy, they explained.
Therefore, they speculated that a low-glycemic load diet in which saturated fat was kept low, such as by substituting vegetable for animal fat sources, would yield a benefit for all three cardiovascular risk factors rather than just two as was seen in the study.
The study was limited by self-reporting of dietary intake and use of tabulated glycemic index values.
However, "Because this study used dietary counseling rather than meals prepared in a metabolic kitchen, these findings should have direct relevance to the management of obesity in routine clinical practice," the researchers wrote.
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